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Coconuts only came into prominence as an important food item after the 1860s and this was largely due to its use by the Indian indentured immigrants who had replaced the slaves on the plantations and who had used coconuts in a variety of ways in their native land. [109] The production of coconuts is the main source of Sri Lanka economy, with 12% of cultivated land and 409,244 hectares used for coconut growing (2017). All rights reserved. Coconut oil, from the seed of the palm coconut, Cocos nucifera, is highly revered in Asia as the "Tree of Life" or as the fruit of the gods. Miami gets a boost by hosting Greenwich Economic Forum | Miami Herald [4], The niu vai form is the domesticated form dominant in the Pacific coconuts. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations: Economic And Social Department: The Statistical Division. International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI). ", "Structure and Function of the Haustorim in Germinating Coconut Palm Seed", "Fossil fruit of Cocos L. (Arecaceae) from Maastrichtian-Danian sediments of central India and its phytogeographical significance", "An update of monocot macrofossil data from New Zealand and Australia", "A Fossil Coconut Fruit from the Early Eocene of Gujarat", "Long-distance dispersal of the coconut palm by migration within the coral atoll ecosystem", "Independent Origins of Cultivated Coconut (, "Ancient crops provide first archaeological signature of the westward Austronesian expansion", "Coconuts: not indigenous, but quite at home nevertheless", "An early sophisticated East Polynesian voyaging canoe discovered on New Zealand's coast", "Germination rate is the significant characteristic determining coconut palm diversity", "Deep history of coconuts decoded: Origins of cultivation, ancient trade routes, and colonization of the Americas", "Complete sequence and comparative analysis of the chloroplast genome of coconut palm (, The Coconut Odyssey the bounteous possibilities of the tree of life, Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research, "Report: 26 provinces quarantined for coconut pest", "Coconut production in 2019, Crops/Regions/World list/Production Quantity (pick lists)", "Petenes mangroves: types and severity of threats", "Health of coconut tree climbers of rural southern India medical emergencies, body mass index and occupational marks: A quantitative and survey study", "Philippine coconut industry: No monkey business here", "The Chemistry of Coconut Milk and Cream", "New mechanical coconut climbing device developed", "A study on skills for trade and economic diversification (STED) in the non-traditional coconut export sectors of the Philippines". [44], Coconuts have a nearly cosmopolitan distribution due to human cultivation and dispersal. The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. Neera is fast becoming a popular drink. They write new content and verify and edit content received from contributors. Some cultivars are more drought resistant such as 'West coast tall' (India) while others such as 'Hainan Tall' (China) are more cold tolerant. Research into countermeasures to these pests has as of 2009[update] yielded no results; researchers from the Kerala Agricultural University and the Central Plantation Crop Research Institute, Kasaragode, continue to work on countermeasures. June 14, 2022; ushl assistant coach salary . Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. (April 2006). The hard shells, fibrous husks and long pinnate leaves can be used as material to make a variety of products for furnishing and decoration. The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the palm tree family (Arecaceae) and the only living species of the genus Cocos. Apart from its economic importance, the environmental and . [14][15], The interior of the endocarp is hollow and is lined with a thin brown seed coat around 0.2mm (164in) thick. This accompanies the palagip (prayer to the dead). [27][29][30] Conran et al. The leaves are used for thatching houses, or for decorating climbing frames and meeting rooms in Cambodia, where the plant is known as d:ng.[158]. Coconut is the environment friendly small-holder palm of the tropical environment, Covering 12.28 million hectares in 90 countries with an annual production of 64.3 billion nuts, Coconut provides USD$ 7.73 Billion per annum to global coconut small holders. [1] The term "coconut" (or the archaic "cocoanut")[2] can refer to the whole coconut palm, the seed, or the fruit, which botanically is a drupe, not a nut. Easily kills parasites and helps remove them from body. The evolutionary origin of the coconut is under dispute, with theories stating that it may have evolved in Asia, South America, or on Pacific islands. [114] CAPB may cause mild skin irritation,[114] but allergic reactions to CAPB are rare[115] and probably related to impurities rendered during the manufacturing process (which include amidoamine and dimethylaminopropylamine) rather than CAPB itself. Coconut Tree is commonly found in coastal areas. In 2020, world production of coconuts was 62 million tonnes, led by Indonesia, India, and the Philippines, with 75% combined of the total (table). In some coconut growing countries, the coconut is the main or only source of foreign exchange earnings. Coconut palms are cultivated north of south Florida to roughly Cocoa Beach on the East Coast and Clearwater on the West Coast. PT. VCO is extracted f rom the fresh , matur e coconut kernel mechanically with or without t he use of heat. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. Neera has a low glycemic count at 35 compared to cane sugar or sugarcane juice that has a glycemic count of 80. Moisturize properly after washing your face. The discovery of this behavior was observed in Bali and North Sulawesi in Indonesia between 1998 and 2008. The Coconut And Its Importance To Belize [49][50], Genetic studies of coconuts have also confirmed pre-Columbian populations of coconuts in Panama in South America. Economic aspects of Coconut Lethal Yellowing in Jamaica All of these introductions are within the last few centuries, relatively recent in comparison to the spread of Pacific coconuts.[49]. [96] A sprouting coconut seed is the logo for Gerakan Pramuka Indonesia, the Indonesian scouting organization. When left to ferment on its own, it becomes palm wine. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization reports the top producers are the Philippines, Indonesia, Brazil, and India. Self Magazine. [95], The practice of using macaques to harvest coconuts was exposed in Thailand by the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) in 2019, resulting in calls for boycotts on coconut products. In Australia, a Cocos-like fossil fruit, measuring 10cm 9.5cm (3+78in 3+34in), were recovered from the Chinchilla Sand Formation dated to the latest Pliocene or basal Pleistocene. [1] Economic importance The palms with the greatest importance in world commerce are the coconut and the African oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ); both are prime sources of vegetable oil and fat. [158], The Zulu Social Aid and Pleasure Club of New Orleans traditionally throws hand-decorated coconuts, one of the most valuable Mardi Gras souvenirs, to parade revelers. Since these fruits are likewise high in fat, they can help your body absorb fat-soluble nutrients, including vitamins A, D, E, and K. Coconut is the fruit of the coconut palm. [20], The evolutionary history and fossil distribution of Cocos nucifera and other members of the tribe Cocoseae is more ambiguous than modern-day dispersal and distribution, with its ultimate origin and pre-human dispersal still unclear. Severe frost is usually fatal, although they have been known to recover from temperatures of 4C (25F). [70] In the Hawaiian Islands, the coconut is regarded as a Polynesian introduction, first brought to the islands by early Polynesian voyagers (also Austronesians) from their homelands in the southern islands of Polynesia.[39]. A single coconut palm may yield 100 coconuts annually, and each fruit requires a year to fully ripen. Coconut water is LIKELY SAFE for most adults when consumed as a drink. The coconut oil is in great demand for edible purposes, for soap making toilet preparation. Because of its properties that reduce appetite and boost metabolism, coconut oil can help in losing fat in the long term. [27] Malauhog has a "solid" sound when tapped, while Malakanin and Malakatad produce a "hollow" sound. 37(9):830-5, 2004. [112] Proteins from coconut may cause food allergy, including anaphylaxis. Coconut flesh is either eaten raw or dried to form copra, the meat of the seed and the source for coconut oil. [82][78][83] Other manual methods to make climbing easier include using a system of pulleys and ropes; using pieces of vine, rope, or cloth tied to both hands or feet; using spikes attached to the feet or legs; or attaching coconut husks to the trunk with ropes. [72] Yellowing diseases affect plantations in Africa, India, Mexico, the Caribbean and the Pacific Region. [52][53] Other evidence for a Central Indo-Pacific origin is the native range of the coconut crab; and the higher amounts of C. nucifera-specific insect pests in the region (90%) in comparison to the Americas (20%), and Africa (4%). What are the physical characteristics of a coconut? Riung Wangi III No.53, Bandung, West Java, Subscribe with your email address to receive pricelist and updates. [151][152], Coconut butter is often used to describe solidified coconut oil, but has also been adopted as an alternate name for creamed coconut, a specialty product made of coconut milk solids or pured coconut meat and oil.[117]. Some dried coconut is purely coconut, but others are manufactured with other ingredients, such as sugar, propylene glycol, salt, and sodium metabisulfite. The word Narali is derived from naral implying "coconut" in Marathi. These are grown for recreational purposes or as an income generator. Both the exocarp and the mesocarp make up the "husk" of the coconut, while the endocarp makes up the hard coconut "shell". The coconut industry also generates employment and supports local businesses, contributing to the overall economic development of these communities. [104], In Goa, the coconut tree has been reclassified by the government as a palm (rather than a tree), enabling farmers and developers to clear land with fewer restrictions and without needing permission from the forest department before cutting a coconut tree.[105][106]. The world coir production is 0.282 million tones. It is still the largest producer of coconut oil and copra, accounting for 64% of the global production. It increases bold circulation in the kidneys and cause profuse dieresis. Inflorescence : Large, lateral arising from the axils of leaves, compound spadix, enclosed by large woody bract called spathe. Philippine and Malayan dwarf coconuts diverged early into two distinct types. "The truth behind the "widespread" practice of monkeys harvesting coconuts in Thailand impacting on consumers & retailers", "Focus: Thai coconut farmers reject monkey abuse charges, suffer lost income", "Reviving the Coconut Industry of the Philippines", "Coconut faces a looming global supply shortage, but could an Australian industry crack it? Economic Importance of Coconut | PDF - scribd.com ~The effect will be much stronger when consumed by adding ~When mask made with milk inside coconut, color tone of skin will be opened. 3. The coconut palm From here, island-hopping via coral atolls lining the Tethys Sea, potentially boosted by the ocean currents at the time, would have proved crucial to dispersal, eventually allowing ancestral coconuts to reach India. Nor were there coconuts on the east side of the African coast until Vasco da Gama, nor in the Caribbean when first visited by Christopher Columbus. The coconut was a critical food item for the people of Polynesia, and the Polynesians brought it with them as they spread to new islands.[170]. The process of husk extraction from the coir bypasses the retting process, using a custom-built coconut husk extractor designed by ASEANCanada Forest Tree Seed Centre in 1986. Especially immature coconuts (6 to 8 months from flowering) sold for coconut water and softer jelly-like coconut meat (known as "green coconuts", "young coconuts", or "water coconuts"), where the original coloration of the fruit is more aesthetically pleasing. ", "Indian state decides coconut trees are no longer trees but palms", "Medieval Sourcebook: Ibn Battuta: Travels in Asia and Africa 13251354", "Coconut Industry in Sri Lanka Sri Lanka Export Development Board", "Australia has a lot of coconut palms so why don't we have a coconut industry? In Johann Vollmann and Istvan Rajcan (Eds.). This mite infests coconut plantations, and is devastating; it can destroy up to 90% of coconut production. 50 % of existing coconut palms have passed their economic bearing age (60 years) and are due for replanting, around 900 million coconut seedlings are required at a value of USD$ 2.7 Billion to secure a sustainable future for the global coconut estate. They can be sorted mainly into tall cultivars, dwarf cultivars, and hybrid cultivars (hybrids between talls and dwarfs). Early Spanish explorers called it coco, meaning "monkey face." Few plants are as versatile as the coconut. It is cultivated by about 11 million farmers on 12 million hectares; 80% of total production comes from Asia (Adkins et al., 2006). Rajamohan T. Clinical Biochemistry. The coir is used to make brooms in Cambodia.[158]. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. It also plays a central role in the Coconut Religion of Vietnam. Despite the economic importance of the palm, coconut production continued to show stagnancy in production, productivity, and trade in the recent decade (Sairam and Jayasekhar 2018). [112], In the United States, the Food and Drug Administration declared that coconut must be disclosed as an ingredient on package labels as a "tree nut" with potential allergenicity. They need annual rainfall of at least 120cm, temperatures from 70 to 86 degrees Fahrenheit and sandy, slightly acidic soil with good drainage. [39] Thenga, its Tamil/Malayalam name, was used in the detailed description of coconut found in Itinerario by Ludovico di Varthema published in 1510 and also in the later Hortus Indicus Malabaricus. In addition to the traditional products of copra, coconut oil and copra meal, coconut has the unique advantage of producing a wide variety of food and environment friendly non-food products which are used both domestically and for a global export market. Furthermore, the antibacterial properties of the medium-chain fatty acids in coconut oil could also help reduce acne. Yet, its high in calories and saturated fat, so you should eat it in moderation. (2009), assigned it to Cocos based on the size and the ridged shape of the fruit. It is also popular in Indonesia (where it is known as kopyor) for making beverages. Consumers feel that fresh-cut fruits and vegetables are the healthiest formats available for processed fruits and vegetables, which has allowed the fresh-cut category to prosper. It contains less than 3% of the original moisture content of coconut meat. Samosir (eds.) As of 2006, the U.S. annually imported 190 million pounds of coconut oil, whose worldwide trade reached $20 million. Saturday &Sunday CLOSED, Hybrid Coconut seedlings, Deejay Sampoorna. Coconuts were first domesticated by the Austronesian peoples in Island Southeast Asia and were spread during the Neolithic via their seaborne migrations as far east as the Pacific Islands, and as far west as Madagascar and the Comoros. They also include fossil fruits that have been tentatively identified as modern Cocos nucifera. and early germination on the palm (vivipary) was important. Based on color and size, younger coconuts tend to be smaller and have brighter colors, while more mature coconuts have browner colors and are larger. nuciferae. However, Cocos is not thought to be indigenous to South America, and the highest genetic diversity is present in Asian Cocos, indicating that at least the modern species Cocos nucifera is native to there. [85] Mechanical coconut climbing devices and even automated robots have also been recently developed in countries like India, Sri Lanka, and Malaysia. Coconut palms grow in the wet tropical and subtropical coastal Indian and Pacific ocean regions. De-husked coconuts typically weigh around 750 to 850 grams (1lb 10oz to 1lb 14oz). 2,0004,000 adventitious roots may grow, each about 1cm (12in) large. 3rd Floor, St Patricks Complex, Brigade Road, The tradition began in the 1910s, and has continued since. "[117] In the coconut industry, coconut meat can be classified loosely into three different types depending on maturity namely "Malauhog", "Malakanin" and "Malakatad". (eds.). ; Batugal, P.; Bonnot, F. (2008). The inner flesh of the mature seed, as well as the coconut milk extracted from it, form a regular part of the diets of many people in the tropics and subtropics. Coconut palms are believed to be largely cross-pollinated, although most dwarf varieties are self-pollinating. Is eating coconut good for your skin? Coconut milk contains 5% to 20% fat, while coconut cream contains around 20% to 50% fat. [21][22], Whole mature coconuts (11 to 13 months from flowering) sold for export, however, typically have the husk removed to reduce weight and volume for transport. As of 2006, the U. Coconut is a crop of small and marginal farmers since 98% of about five million coconut holdings in the country are less than two hectares. Long-term consumption of coconut oil may have negative health effects similar to those from consuming other sources of saturated fats, including butter, beef fat, and palm oil. The coconut is also an important economic resource for the production of fiber and other materials. [101][102], Traditional areas of coconut cultivation in India are the states of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Puducherry, Andhra Pradesh, Goa, Maharashtra, Odisha, West Bengal and, Gujarat and the islands of Lakshadweep and Andaman and Nicobar. They played a critical role in the long sea voyages of Austronesians by providing a portable source of food and water, as well as providing building materials for Austronesian outrigger boats. [49][4][48][60], The coconut played a critical role in the migrations of the Austronesian peoples. If the juice does not taste fresh, throw the coconut away. Whether you are starting your first company or you are a dedicated entrepreneur diving into a new venture, Bizfluent is here to equip you with the tactics, tools and information to establish and run your ventures. A hard shell encloses the insignificant embryo with its abundant endosperm, composed of both meat and liquid. The global virgin coconut oil market captured significant revenue in 2016 and is expected to expand at a CAGR of around 11% over the forecast period. The meat may also be grated and mixed with water to make coconut milk, which is used in cooking and as a substitute for cows milk. Coconut meal leftovers from oil and milk production feeds livestock. Copra prices went down and plantations were neglected or under-planted with other crops. This invertebrate builds armor from coconut halves", "Indonesia's veined octopus 'stilt walks' to collect coconut shells", "Coconut Fruit Of Lustre In Indian Culture", "How the Zulu coconut was saved from extinction", "Living Heritage Marcellin College Sina and the Eel", "The Fifth Voyage of Sindbad the Seaman The Arabian Nights The Thousand and One Nights Sir Richard Burton translator", Coconut revival new possibilities for the 'tree of life', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Coconut&oldid=1136466340, Mean daily temperature above 1213C (5455F) every day of the year, Mean annual rainfall above 1,000mm (39in). Add an answer. Economic importance of coconut fruit. Botanical description and [citation needed], The two most common harvesting methods are the climbing method and the pole method. [146] The sap when fermented can also be made into coconut vinegar or various palm wines (which can be further distilled to make arrack). These two forms are referred to by the Samoan terms niu kafa for the elongated wild coconuts, and niu vai for the rounded domesticated Pacific coconuts. Immature coconuts produce a sloshing sound when shaken (the sharper the sound, the younger it is), while fully mature coconuts do not. Each spike in the spadix bears 2 to 3 female flowers at the base and 200 to 300 male flowers at the top. While comparable to sports drinks, which can be loaded with added sugars and flavorings, coconut water is low in calories and carbs. [18][19] Niu vai endocarp fragments have been recovered in archaeological sites in the St. Matthias Islands of the Bismarck Archipelago. Coconut plays a significant role in the agrarian economy of India. Home Fruits What Is The Importance Of Coconut? In 1987, a "coconut law" was signed by Governor Edwin Edwards exempting from insurance liability any decorated coconut "handed" from a Zulu float. [85], In cooler climates (but not less than USDA Zone 9), a similar palm, the queen palm (Syagrus romanzoffiana), is used in landscaping. Whether you are starting your first company or you are a dedicated entrepreneur diving into a new venture, Bizfluent is here to equip you with the tactics, tools and information to establish and run your ventures. The falling of their mature fruit has led to preoccupation with death by coconut.[3][5]. [98][99][100], Two important coconut products were first developed in the Philippines, macapuno and nata de coco. "The potential of the Coconut Industry is huge and benefits are available for parties from all sectors. 70% of the total coconut production is for domestic consumption in most producing countries making Coconut a critical global food security crop. Coconut oil is one of nine internationally traded vegetable oils and ranks eighth in global production. What are 10 uses for a coconut? It is an important commercial product obtained from the husk of coconut. [12], Botanically, the coconut fruit is a drupe, not a true nut. (2008). [citation needed] They are also used in Hindu weddings as a symbol of prosperity. What are the importance of coconut and its different uses? Why Are There No Coconuts In North India? In Cambodia, the roots are used in traditional medicine as a treatment for dysentery. It noted that by using these small atolls, the species could easily island-hop. While there is a concentration of coconut plantations in the coastal regions of the country, it is also grown in the hinterlands where the agro-climatic requirements of coconut cultivation are met. there are a lot of untapped economic potentials in the Coconut industry which need to be . Choti Holi, also known as Holika Dahan, is an important Hindu festival celebrated throughout India, one day before the main Holi festival. The young coconut plants need to be nursed and irrigated with drip pipes until they are old enough (stem bulb development) to be irrigated with brackish water or seawater alone, after which they can be replanted on the beaches. [48][49][50][51] The similarities of the local names in the Austronesian region is also cited as evidence that the plant originated in the region. Coconut oil has high world demand as an ingredient in cosmetics, soaps, hair oils, body oils and in food products and has surged in popularity because of its health benefits. They are also used as a garnish for various dishes, as in klepon and puto bumbong. The fruit however was compacted in the fossilization process and it was not possible to determine if it had the diagnostic three pores that characterize members of the tribe Cocoseae. The coconut tree provides food, fuel, cosmetics, folk medicine and building materials, among many other uses. Economic Role Coconut palms yield roughly 20 percent of the market's oils and fats, Just Change Trust estimates. It is most strikingly displayed in Madagascar, an island settled by Austronesian sailors at around 2000 to 1500 BP. Copra is the dried meat of the seed and after processing produces coconut oil and coconut meal. Demand grew by 8 percent annually during 1993 to 2004. "Effects of coconut oil on testosterone-induced prostatic hyperplasia in Sprague-Dawley rats". It is further strengthened by other similar botanical evidence of contact, like the pre-colonial presence of sweet potato in Oceanian cultures. What are the benefits of drinking coconut water? [23] The root system consists of an abundance of thin roots that grow outward from the plant near the surface. However, the word cocus could also mean "cook" like coquus in Latin,[42] so Linnaeus chose Cocos directly from the Portuguese word coco instead. ", "Coconut anaphylaxis: Case report and review", "Guidance for Industry: A Food Labeling Guide (6. Other types of large trees produce a single downward-growing tap root with a number of feeder roots growing from it. [154] Activated carbon manufactured from coconut shell is considered extremely effective for the removal of impurities. Omissions? The endocarp is initially filled with a multinucleate liquid endosperm (the coconut water). The various products of Coconut include tender Coconut water, copra, Coconut oil, raw The husks of the coconut are a source of coir, a fiber used in the production of brushes, matting, and other products. The coconut is a versatile and valuable crop, with a range of uses that contribute to both local and global economies. The meat can be eaten fresh from the coconut but the meat can also be used to make oil, milk, cream and desiccated coconut. However, they can be found in humid areas with low annual precipitation such as in Karachi, Pakistan, which receives only about 250mm (9+34in) of rainfall per year, but is consistently warm and humid. Besides, the stem is used for construction of houses and leaves are used for thatching, fencing and making baskets and broomsticks. [121][122], Both Malauhog and Malakanin coconut meat of immature fruits can be eaten as is or used in salads, drinks, desserts, and pastries such as buko pie and es kelapa muda. For example, the Polynesian and Melanesian term niu; Tagalog and Chamorro term niyog; and the Malay word nyiur or nyior. In the Philippines, the traditional tool is known as the halabas and is made from a long bamboo pole with a sickle-like blade mounted at the tip. They were commonly carried by Spanish ships as a source of fresh water. Harvesting and Yield in Lucerne Cultivation, Important Problems of Coconut Cultivation, Farming Systems & Sustainable Agriculture, Breeding of Field and Horticultural Crops agriculture information, Fundamentals to Entomology agriculture information, Production Techniques for Biological Control Agents, Practicals on Technology of Milk & Milk Products agriculture information, Economics of Natural Resources & Farm Management agriculture information. They provided a portable source of both food and water, allowing Austronesians to survive long sea voyages to colonize new islands as well as establish long-range trade routes.

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